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Mosquitoes (蚊子) carry malaria (疟疾), which kills thousands of people each year. Now some researchers are trying to use genetic engineering (基因工程) to make them into partners in the fight against the disease.

For years, public health officials have tried to limit the disease by controlling mosquito populations. “But that approach is short-term,” says Anthony James, a professor of biology and genetics at the University of California, Irvine, “because mosquitoes are very tough little insects, and their populations can quickly increase.”   

Therefore, James and his colleagues want to try a different approach: making mosquitoes themselves into malaria-fighting warriors (勇士), which is completely different from traditional ways of controlling malaria.

To understand how it works, it helps to understand the life cycle of malaria. The malaria pathogen (病原体) is a parasite (寄生虫) that grow inside humans. It’s passed via mosquitoes that move from person to person, sucking blood. “If we can make the mosquitoes difficult for the pathogens to survive, we can wipe out the disease,” he says. But making mosquitoes uninviting to malaria is a Herculean task.

To solve the problem, the team used a gene-editing technique called CRISPR. They stated with genes from mice, whose immune systems (免疫系统) do fight human malaria, engineered those genes, and then gave them to the mosquitoes.

It turned out the gene-edited mosquitoes worked very well. They reduced the number of parasites in the mosquito before they were passed to a human host.

James’ team are now working on planning a field trial, which he hopes could be done on an island or in another isolated location.

       But genetically changing wild animals does not sit well with environmentalists. “There’s no need to engineer a mosquito,” says Dana Perls, senior program manager for the emerging technology program at the non-profit Friends of the Earth. Perls points out that natural ways to reduce malaria appear to be showing promise, as does a new vaccine (疫苗) against the disease. “Why take unnecessary risks and use mosquitoes that can’t be controlled once sent into the wild?” she asks.
1．What can we know from the second and third paragraphs?

A．Mosquitoes can reproduce quickly.

B．Mosquitoes can be easily controlled.

C．Mosquitoes have killed thousands of people.

D．Mosquitoes have been used to fight against malaria.

2．What does the underlined phrase “a Herculean task” in Para. 4 mean?

A．A great comfort.

B．A tough job.

C．A narrow escape.

D．A key factor.

3．What is environmentalists’ attitude towards this new approach?

A．Unconcerned

B．Supporting.

C．Negative.

D．Positive

4．What is the best title for the text?

A．Preventing Malaria with a New Vaccine

B．Curing Malaria with Gene-edited Mosquitoes

C．Limiting Malaria by Controlling Mosquito Populations

D．Controlling Malaria by Engineering Mosquitoes’ Genes

Silence provides our mind and body with much-needed rest. It is also beneficial to the brain. If you want to know how to ad the power of silence to your daily life, here are three ways.

1．

From smartphones to laptops and music systems, we spend most of our time online. Although technology has become an important part of our lives, the noise our smart devices cause can be harmful to our wellbeing.

2． You can start with 10-15 minutes each day and increase it depending on your needs.

Go out into nature

Spending time in nature can help you get in touch with your inner self, reduce stress and comfort a troubled mind. 3． Go to the nearest park or forest and spend time in nature. You can spend at least 15-30 minutes every day surrounding yourself with green spaces.

You can either do this early in the morning before starting your daily routine or in the evening after finishing your day. Don’t look at your smartphones while spending time in nature. Just be with yourself, and listen to the comforting sounds of birds. 4．

Talk less and listen more

We spend a lot of time talking every day. 5． But how can we stay silent and just listen? You can do that by being mindful of your thoughts. Do not speak for speaking, but because your speech has some value to ad to a conversation. Allow yourself to listen carefully to others and respond.

A．Practice it for a happy life.

B．Spend some time offline every day.

C．A good way is to set aside daily offline time.

D．And in this way, you can enjoy the beauty of nature.

E．You do not necessarily have to go to faraway places.

F．Often we speak without carefully considering our thoughts.

G．That’s why it’s important to find a place where you can study.

It was the early hours of the day. I had been sleeping, that is until I heard my bedroom door open. I saw two people ________ my bedroom. They were strangers.

I ________ closed my eyes. ________ that I was sleeping, the strangers, or I must say robbers, started going through my cupboards, then ________ moved towards the door of my bedroom to go out.

Under my bed, I had my cricket bat (板球拍) and my rubber dart pistol (橡皮镖枪). I slowly ________ my bat and dart pistol, then followed them as they moved out of my bedroom, leaving the door open. I knocked one of the robber down with my full ________. As he fell on the ground, he cried. The other robber turned and ________ me with a bat and my dart pistol, which he probably thought was a ________ one, and started to run.

I became ________ that I had knocked one of the robbers down and should not leave the other one alone, so I ran after him.

“Get him!” I ________ as I ran after the robber down the road,________ the whole neighbourhood. A few minutes late, all the other neighbourhood children were behind us with their bats and anything else they could ________ their hands on. Soon the robber was ________.

That afternoon almost the whole neighbourhood came to see me and appreciate my ________. Then the police also came for further information and said what I had done was brave but not ________.

1．

A．locking

B．entering

C．designing

D．cleaning

2．

A．actually

B．entirely

C．fortunately

D．immediately

3．

A．Assuming

B．Ignoring

C．Expecting

D．Commanding

4．

A．certainly

B．quietly

C．finally

D．slightly

5．

A．gave up

B．picked up

C．checked out

D．showed off

6．

A．heart

B．pressure

C．memory

D．strength

7．

A．greeted

B．helped

C．saw

D．moved

8．

A．formal

B．real

C．new

D．popular

9．

A．confident

B．anxious

C．surprised

D．hopeless

10．

A．heard

B．spoke

C．shouted

D．smiled

11．

A．taking in

B．sticking with

C．brightening up

D．waking up

12．

A．lay

B．rest

C．show

D．ease

13．

A．caught

B．followed

C．located

D．prevented

14．

A．kindness

B．talent

C．bravery

D．justice

15．

A．cheerful

B．safe

C．exciting

D．creative

Practising tai chi has inspired me __________ (explore) the Chinese culture behind it. (所给词的适当形式填空)

Usually, the football coach as well as his team members __________ (interview) for their performance shortly after the match. (所给词的适当形式填空)

I was so caught up in the party fever __________ I hardly noticed five hours fly by.(用适当的词填空)

The film you see is the product of a huge amount of hard work, most of __________ takes place behind the scenes. (用适当的词填空)

Although they have made some improvement, so far no basketball court __________ (build). (所给词的适当形式填空)

Like cars that run on petrol, your body __________ (burn) carbohydrates for energy. (所给词的适当形式填空)

现在，许多年轻人非常关注自己的外表，这让我想到了很多。在我看来，真正的美丽和完美的外表无关(has nothing to do with)，唯有内在美(inner beauty)才能让人耀眼。人们可以通过科技让他们的外表完美，但是内在美却是无法通过科技得到的。内在美是最宝贵的东西，美丽的外表会随着时间而消逝(fade away)，但是内在美却不会。(70 words)(汉译英)
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