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Hailing from Sweden, “plogging” is a fitness craze that sees participants pick up plastic litter while jogging adding a virtuous, environmentally driven element to the sport. Plogging appears to have started around 2016, but is now going global, due to increasing awareness and __ over plastic levels in the ocean.

The appeal of plogging is its __—all you need is running gear and a bin bag, and the feeling of getting fit while supporting a good cause. By adding regular squats(蹲) to pick up junk and carrying __ to jogging. we can assume the health benefits are increased.

Running and good causes have always gone __ — just think of all the fundraising marathon runners do. But there couldn’t be a more on-trend way of keeping fit than plogging.

Anything that’s getting people out in nature and connecting __ with their environment is a good thing, says Lizzie Carr, an environmentalist who helped set up Plastic Patrol, a nationwide campaign to __ our inland waterways of plastic pollution. There’s been a real __ in the public mindset around plastics, helped by things like Blue Planet highlighting how disastrous the crisis is,” she says.

We need to keep momentum high and the pressure up, and empower people through __ like plogging and Plastic Patrol.

The plastic Patrol app allows users to __ plastic anywhere in the world by collecting discarded items, photographing them and __ to the app, giving us a better knowledge of what sorts of plastic and which brands are being thrown out. “I’d urge all ploggers to get involved,” adds Carr.

Plogging isn’t the first fitness trend to combine running with a good cause, Here are some of our favourites:

Good Gym

Its idea is simple: go for a run, visit an elderly person, have a chat and some tea, and run back.

__ among the elderly is a growing problem in the UK. With over 10,000 runs so far, __, Good Gym is finding a solution.

Guide Running

Guide runners volunteer their time to helping blind people get __. By linking themselves together, the __ —impaired individual can feel safe while both work of a sweat.

___for the Homeless

Start-up Stuart Delivery and the Church Housing Trust collaborated last year in bringing clothing and healthy food to the homeless. Deliveries are mostly made by bike, so those who deliver keep fit while helping rough sleepers(无家可归者).

1．

A．satisfaction

B．hesitation

C．fear

D．control

2．

A．complexity

B．simplicity

C．instrument

D．expense

3．

A．substance

B．responsibility

C．value

D．weight

4．

A．one on one

B．head to toe

C．hand in hand

D．on and off

5．

A．positively

B．neutrally

C．objectively

D．fairly

6．

A．accuse

B．rid

C．assure

D．rob

7．

A．shift

B．interest

C．aid

D．delight

8．

A．motives

B．performances

C．exercises

D．initiatives

9．

A．eliminate

B．map

C．seek

D．degrade

10．

A．leading

B．devoting

C．ending

D．uploading

11．

A．Disappointment

B．Tiredness

C．Sickness

D．Loneliness

12．

A．therefore

B．moreover

C．however

D．instead

13．

A．excited

B．ready

C．active

D．smart

14．

A．visually

B．audibly

C．visibly

D．sensibly

15．

A．Running

B．Plogging

C．Driving

D．Cycling

函数.
（1）求函数的极值；
（2）设，若在上恒成立，求实数的取值范围.

Did you ever have to say “no” to somebody? Such as a classmate who asks to go to lunch with you? New research suggests that, at least socially, a rejection (拒绝) should not include an apology. In other words, saying you are sorry does not make the person being rejected feel any better. In fact, it might make the rejected person feel worse. That is surprising. Many people consider it to be good manners to say they are sorry when they turn down a request.

Gili Freedman is doing some related research at Dartmouth College. For her research, she asked over 1,000 people to respond to different examples of social rejection. In one example, the researchers asked people for their reaction (反应）after a person named Taylor asked to join a co-worker who went out to lunch every Friday. And Taylor was told “no”. But in some cases, the person rejecting Taylor offered an apology. In other cases, the people doing the rejection did not say they were sorry. People were asked how they would feel if they were being turned down, just as Taylor was. Most said they would be more hurt by a rejection with an apology than a rejection without an apology.

Freedman said the reason is that apologies make people feel like they need to say that the rejection was okay— even when they felt like it was not okay. Rejection without an apology lets them express their feelings of disappointment, hurt or anger more easily. Freedman also said that an apology often makes the person doing the rejection feel better—even as it makes the person being rejected feel worse.

Her research deals only with social communication. A business situation might be very different. “If a manager rejects a job interviewee or a boss must tell an employee that he or she is being fired from a job,” Freedman said, “reactions to apologies may be different.”

1．Why do people say they are sorry when they express rejection?

A．Because they think it is more polite.

B．Because they think it helps them express their dislike better.

C．Because they think apologies are the basis of communication.

D．Because they think it sounds more comfortable for the listener.

2．In Gili Freedman’s research, over 1,000 people ________.

A．rejected others without an apology

B．offered an apology when rejecting others

C．would be more hurt by a rejection with an apology

D．were asked to answer the question in different situations

3．What role does an apology play in rejection?

A．It makes the rejection more acceptable.

B．It makes a good impression on the listener.

C．It makes the communication more pleasant.

D．It makes the person doing the rejecting feel better.

4．What will be mentioned next according to the last paragraph?

A．The effect of an apology during a rejection.

B．Gili Freedman’s research on business situations.

C．A rejection with an apology in a business situation.

D．The difference between a social situation and a business one.

某精原细胞（2N=8）的DNA分子双链均用¹⁵N标记后置于含¹⁴N的培养基中培养，经过连续两次细胞分裂后，检测子细胞中的情况。下列推断，错误的是（       ）

A．若进行有丝分裂，则含15N染色体的子细胞所占比例不唯一，至少占50%

B．若进行减数分裂，则第二次分裂后期每个细胞中含15N的染色体有8条

C．若子细胞中部分染色体含15N，则分裂过程中可能会发生同源染色体的分离

D．若子细胞中染色体都含15N，则分裂过程中可能会发生非同源染色体自由组合

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一-篇完整的短文。

My parents love the saying “If at first you don't succeed, try, try again" so much that they even bought a pillow with those words on it. But I was recently in a situation where I was SO ready to give up.

It started last week when my friend Ollie and I were helping his grandmother Mary to carry boxes from her garage to her car for the homeless shelter rummage sale (义卖).

At the sight of a big old trunk (行李箱)，we asked Mary what was inside. But she told us that as she had lost the key, she had to find a master locksmith to figure it out. "Let me have a try!" said Ollie. “I bet I can open that lock in two minutes flat! Maybe there's a treasure inside, like gold or diamonds or an ancient map!"

Mary smiled. "I'll tell you what. If you two treasure hunters can open this trunk, you can have it, along with whatever is inside."

Ollie got a tool kit and we set out to open the lock. But he definitely lost that bet. Those two minutes turned into two hours, with no luck at all. We had tried every tool in the kit, but the lock wouldn't move slightly.

“It's no use." Ollie sighed. "I guess we have to give up."

“But we can't give up!" I said. "What about 'If at first you don't succeed, try, try again"?"

Ollie shook his head. "Unless you know a magical key fairy, we're never getting this unlocked."

Just then, my little brother Tex showed up. He showed great interest in the trunk. "It looks like an upside-down boat! Can I turn it over and pretend I'm sailing in the ocean?"

"Sure," Ollie replied. "It's no good for anything else."

“Ahoy!" Tex said, climbing on top after Ollie and I turned it over. “I’m the captain!” He giggled as he jumped up and down. And right then, a screw (螺丝) from a hinge (铰链) came loose and rolled to the floor.

注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右:
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

“That's it! I know how to open it!" said Ollie.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Oh! There were only lots of shoes in the trunk!

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

假定你是李华，你校英语广播电台正在招聘播音员。请你给负责人Mr. Jams写一封英文申请信，内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.英语能力及相关经验。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr. James,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Ella’s First Fashion Creation

Ella was wearing a new dress and she felt like a famous model, Even better, it was a dress she made! Her very first piece of fashion!

“What do you think?” she asked her family. They were all gathered at the kitchen table for breakfast. “It’s very pretty. I can’t believe you designed and sewed that all by yourself!” Mom said.“I’m so proud of you! How long did that take?”Dad asked. Ella pulled out her chair and sat down.“Two weeks! But I think I could make the next one faster. I had a few problems.

Ella smiled. She had so many problems making the dress, but right now it was all worth it. It was going to be a great day.

The kids at school weren’t quite as excited about her dress as she thought they would be, but she did get some nice comments from some of the girls, so she was happy about that. The day went by quickly, and before she knew it, she was outside for the last break of the day. What a perfect day, she thought to herself as she swung on the swings.

The school bell rang and the break was over. When the swing was close to stopping, Ella jumped off. When she landed, she heard a loud rip (撕裂). She moved her hand to the back of her dress. It was ripped all the way down the back! Her very first fashion creation fell apart! Ella was so embarrassed.

Ella spotted her teacher, Miss Miller, near the door. Ella took one hand from her dress and waved for Miss Miller to come to her. Miss Miller came up and looked at the back of Ella’s dress.“Oh no! And it is such a beautiful dress!” “I made it myself,” Ella said. “You must be very proud! You did a great job!” “Not really. Or it wouldn’t have ripped.” “Well, that happens sometimes. Even with clothes you buy in the store!”

注意：
1.续写词数应为150词左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。

Miss Miller took off her sweater and helped Ella to pull it on.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

“We can’t avoid problems,” said Mom.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

如图（a），“L”型绝缘不带电木板静止在水平地面上，电荷量的滑块静止在木板上左端，电荷量的滑块静止在木板上距木板右端处；左侧（含B所在位置）的木板面粗糙，右侧的木板面光滑；和粗糙木板面间的动摩擦因数，木板和地面间的动摩擦因数。时刻，在空间加一水平向右的电场，场强大小随时间变化的图像如图（b），时刻，撤去电场。已知木板、的质量均为可视为质点，最大静摩擦力等于滑动摩擦力，可能的碰撞均为时间极短的弹性碰撞，不计间的库仑力，重力加速度。
（1）试通过计算判断：时刻，滑块和木板是否处于静止状态；
（2）求时刻，滑块B的速度大小；
（3）求滑块B再次返回木板上初始位置的时刻。
   

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

My writing career began quite accidentally. It was all because of my friend Henry.

Born into a poor family, Henry had no chance to attend school. He couldn’t read but he liked my reading for him greatly. One day I played a little trick on Henry. I was reading him a story from my textbook. Suddenly I moved away from the story and made up my own, pretending to turn pages regularly. Henry, of course, had no idea at all. Upon finishing the story, Henry began to clap.

“That was the best story you’ve read me in a long time,” he said, still clapping.

I laughed. “Really?”

“It was great. Will you read me more of it tomorrow?”

“Fascinating,” I thought, feeling like a man who discovered a buried treasure in his own backyard. That same night, I tried writing my first short story. It was a story about a man who found a magic cup. If he cried into the cup, his tears turned into pearls (珍珠), but he was a happy man and rarely cried. So he managed to find ways to make himself sad. The story ended with the man sitting on a mountain of pearls, unable to feel happy any longer.

The next day, I ran to Henry after school, asking him to hear the story and told him I wrote it last night. Henry was totally absorbed in it, his face shifting as the story developed.

“Some day, you will be a great writer,” Henry said. “And your stories will be read all over the world. But can I ask a question? Why didn’t the man just eat some onions to make himself cry to get pearls?” I was shocked because I never expected Henry could be helpful to my writing. I rewrote it and with Henry’s encouragement, I sent it to a magazine. To my surprise, it was published and sold well.

注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Whenever I finished a new story, I would turn to Henry.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I decided to use the money to help Henry.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.

What’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.

Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t

even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease(润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. ＂Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,＂ he explains. ＂The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.＂

In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. ＂It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,＂ says Dunn. ＂But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.＂

Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. ＂Small talk is the basis of good manners,＂ he says.

1．What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?

A．Addiction to smartphones.

B．Inappropriate behaviours in public places.

C．Absence of communication between strangers.

D．Impatience with slow service.

2．What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?

A．Showing good manners.	B．Relating to other people.
C．Focusing on a topic.	D．Making business deals.

3．What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?

A．It improves family relationships.	B．It raises people’s confidence.
C．It matters as much as a formal talk.	D．It makes people feel good.

4．What is the best title for the text?

A．Conversation Counts	B．Ways of Making Small Talk
C．Benefits of Small Talk	D．Uncomfortable Silence