Jon Fosse has won the 2023 Nobel Prize in literature, “for his innovative plays and prose which give voice to the unsayable”. The 64-year-old playwright is not well-known outside his home country of Norway. But the author is internationally celebrated in literary circles and has been called “the most produced living playwright”.
Fosse grew up on a rural farm near Strandebarm, Norway, where his grandparents lived in one house while he, his parents, and two sisters lived in another. His father worked as a manager of Strandebarm Cooperative, a local grocery store, and his mother was a caregiver. Fosse started writing at age 12 or 13, first composing song lyrics and later trying poems.
In 1979 Fosse graduated from high school and moved to Bergen, where he began working for the newspaper Gula Tidend. That same year he became a father, and the following year he married the mother of his child. In the next decades he married twice more and had five additional children. Meanwhile, throughout the 1980s he studied at the University of Bergen, receiving a Master of Art in comparative literature in 1987.
Also during the 1980s, Fosse published his first novels, namely Red, Black, whose topic is suicide, and Stringed Guitar, about a mother in a difficult situation after locking herself out of her house where she has left her baby.
The playwright began as a novelist, and did not break through as a theater writer until he was in his 40s. His international reputation as a playwright was confirmed in 1998, with a Paris production of his first play Someone Is Going to Come, which had been written in 1992. Since then, his work has been performed in more than 60 countries around the world, according to his translator, Ann Henning Jocelyn. According to his publisher, Fosse’s work has been translated into more than 40 languages, and there have been more than 1,000 different productions of his plays.
1.When did Jon Fosse get married to his first wife?A.In 1979. | B.In 1980. | C.In 1981. | D.In 1987. |
A.He started writing in 1979. |
B.His first novel is Someone Is Going to Come. |
C.He gained international popularity as a playwright. |
D.He worked as a theater writer when he was in his 30s. |
A.Talented and productive. | B.Positive and ordinary. |
C.Hardworking and considerate. | D.Imaginative and selfish. |
A.Jon Fosse and His Novels |
B.Jon Fosse and His Awards |
C.Jon Fosse: The Greatest Norwegian Writer |
D.Jon Fosse: Wins 2023 Nobel Prize for Literature |
Contact between adolescents (between the ages of 15 and 19) and their peers (同龄人) is a universal characteristic of all cultures. However, the nature and the degree of such contact
This pattern of age segregation (隔离) in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society. Changes in the
Research
A.reveal | B.vary | C.imply | D.prove |
A.younger children | B.professional teachers | C.close relatives | D.responsible researchers |
A.interest | B.attitude | C.workplace | D.age |
A.slightly | B.seldom | C.regularly | D.further |
A.resulted in | B.objected to | C.held back | D.checked out |
A.solution | B.factor | C.concern | D.argument |
A.spending | B.volunteers | C.partners | D.population |
A.increase | B.share | C.disappearance | D.selection |
A.opposes | B.doubts | C.supports | D.changes |
A.diets | B.activities | C.expenses | D.necessities |
A.in addition | B.as a result | C.in particular | D.for example |
A.late | B.typical | C.early | D.common |
A.pressure | B.networks | C.skills | D.background |
A.culture | B.pressure | C.respect | D.education |
A.develop | B.control | C.escape | D.apply |
A. inky B. ashore C. facility D. worldwide E. female F. conclusions G. double H. confused I. Talk J. preservation K. typically |
Several deep-sea fish have been mysteriously washed up on California’s beaches this year, leaving marine biologists
The latest Pacific football fish to be washed
The fish is black, almost spherical in shape and has sharp teeth. It has a strange external body sticking out from its head with multiple branches, used to attract prey in the
The fish found on Swami’s Beach is a mature
Pacific football fish are very rarely seen considering that they are
Despite the fact that the fish are rarely seen, three of them have been washed up on California’s beaches this year —including one that was spotted last month at Black’s Beach, north of San Diego. The three sightings this year
Despite the series of recent sightings, experts said, it’s hard to jump to any
More than 25 years ago, a train took Saroo Brierley, a 4-year-old boy, a thousand miles across the country to a totally strange city. There, he
Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years
When he stood in front of the house
In an interview Brierley says, “My mother looked so much
Equipped only with a pair of binoculars (双筒望远镜) and ready to spend long hours waiting in all weathers for a precious glance of a rare bullfinch (红腹灰雀). Britain’s birdwatchers had long been supposed to be lovers of a minority sport. But new figures show birdwatching is fast becoming a popular pastime, with almost three million of us absorbed in our fluttering feathered friends.
Devoted birdwatchers, those prepared to travel thousands of miles for a sighting of a rare Siberian bird, are fast being joined by a new breed of follower whose interest is satiated by watching a few finches (雀科鸣鸟) on a Sunday walk or putting up a bird-box in the back garden.
“Almost three million UK birdwatchers is certainly possible if you include everyone with only a casual interest,” Stephen Moss said in his newly published book -- A Bird in the Bush: a Social History of Birdwatching -- which records the pursuit from the rich Victorian Englishman’s love of shooting rare birds to the less offensive observational tendencies of birdwatchers today.
Television wildlife programmes have helped to fuel the new trend. Last summer, BBC 2’s Britain Goes Wild was a surprise success. It pulled in three million viewers and led to bird-houses selling out across the UK as 45,000 people promised to put up a box.
Birdwatchers’ networking system first came to the attention of the nation in 1989, when a birdwatcher caught sight of the first Vermivora chrysoptera -- a golden-winged songbird from North America -- to be seen in Britain. He put a message out on the network service Birdline, and next day 3,000 birdwatchers proved the full pull of a truly rare bird as they visited the Tesco car park in Kent, where it had settled. Today, birdwatchers can log on to www.birdline.co.uk or have news of the latest sightings texted to their phones.
“Multimillion-pound spending on binoculars, bird food and boxes point to the increasing numbers of birdwatchers,” said David Cromack, the editor of Bird Watching magazine, “The number of people involved is so big that they have great potential to influence government decisions affecting the environment.”
1.The word “satiated” in paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “________”.A.affected | B.shared | C.satisfied | D.narrowed |
A.Birdwatchers helped the rare bird settle in Kent. |
B.Large numbers of birdwatchers went to view the bird. |
C.Many birdwatchers logged on to the website for details. |
D.Birdwatchers showed their determination to protect the rare bird. |
A.Television wildlife programmes started the popular pastime of birdwatching. |
B.The network service has contributed to the rapid development of birdwatching. |
C.Birdwatching in Britain was long considered a sport with a small group of followers. |
D.The current situation of birdwatching may promote the protection of the environment. |
A.the history of birdwatching | B.a growing passion for birdwatching |
C.the impact of media on birdwatching | D.birdwatching as a popular expensive sport |
Wide, sandy beaches stretch nearly 20 miles along the Pacific Ocean. Between December and February, this surfing destination is suitable only for experienced surfers, as its big waves can reach 30 feet. In summer, the ocean can be almost completely flat, making it perfect for swimming.
This busy 8.5-mile-long beach attracts 8 million visitors a year for bodysurfing, boogie boarding (趴板冲浪), and board surfing at every level, beginner to expert. At night, the beach’s fire pits (深坑) draw families as much as the waves do during the day. The best time for surfers is winter, when the swells can hit 15 feet.
This area of the ocean may contain the most consistent waves on the planet, with some up to 10 feet. The best waves are between late May and late August. The beach sometimes closes because of sharks, but at other times, surfers are lucky enough to surf alongside dolphins.
This beach has waves up to 12 feet high, which are good for long-boarders or short-boarders, beginners or experts, with the best waves from April to July. Bodysurfing is not recommended because of offshore rocks. The laid-back atmosphere and nearly perfect year-round weather make it feel like the California beaches of the 1950s.
1.The beach with the biggest waves is ______.A.Oahu’s North Shore | B.Huntington Beach |
C.Jeffreys Bay | D.Tamarindo |
A.offshore rocks | B.competitions |
C.movies | D.dolphins |
A.Both beaches are the same length. |
B.Both are suitable for all surfing levels. |
C.The waves are both perfect for bodysurfing. |
D.Winter is the best time to surf at both beaches. |
A.Worried. | B.Relaxed. |
C.Excited. | D.Depressed. |
A.the height of the wave |
B.the weather conditions |
C.the best time to visit |
D.the number of visitors each year |
A.bright children also need certificate to get satisfying jobs. |
B.children from well-respected schools tend to have good jobs. |
C.poor children with certificates are favored in job markets. |
D.children attending ordinary schools achieve great success. |
A.Schools for bright children would lose their reputation. |
B.There would be more opportunities and excellence. |
C.Children from poor families would be able to change their schools. |
D.Children’s job opportunity would be affected by their school reputation. |
A.jobs should not be assigned by systematic selection. |
B.computers should be selected to take over many jobs. |
C.special classes are necessary to keep the school standards. |
D.schools that win academic subjects should be done away with. |
A.schools and certificates. | B.examination and equality. |
C.opportunity and employment. | D.standards and reputation. |
Zachariah Fike has an unusual hobby. He finds old military(军队的) medals for sale in antique stores and on the Internet. But unlike most collectors, Zac tracks down the medals’ rightful owners, and returns them.
His effort to reunite families with lost medals began with a Christmas gift from his mother, a Purple Heart with the name Corrado A. G. Piccoli, found in an antique shop. Zac knows the meaning of a Purple Heart—he earned one himself in a war as a soldier. So when his mother gave him the medal, he knew right away what he had to do.
Through the Internet, Zac tracked down Corrado’s sister Adeline Rockko. But when he finally reached her, the woman flooded him with questions: “Who are you? What antique shop?” However, when she hung up, she regretted the way she had handled the call. So she called Zac back and apologized. Soon she drove to meet Zac in Watertown, N.Y. “At that point, I knew she meant business,” Zac says. “To drive eight hours to come to see me.”
The Piccolis grew up the children of Italian immigrants in Watertown. Corrado, a translator for the Army during WWII, was killed in action in Europe.
Before hearing from Zac, Adeline hadn’t realized the medal was missing. Like many military medals, the one Zac’s mother had found was a family treasure. “This medal was very precious to my parents. Only on special occasions(场合) would they take it out and let us hold it in our hands,” Adeline says.
As a child, Adeline couldn’t understand why the medal was so significant. “But as I grew older,” Adeline says, “and missed my brother more and more, I realized that was the only thing we had left.” Corrado Piccoli’s Purple Heart medal now hangs at the Italian American Civic Association in Watertown.
Zac recently returned another lost medal to a family in Alabama. Since he first reunited Corrado’s medal, Zac says his record is now 5 for 5.
1.Where did Zac get a Purple Heart medal for himself?A.In the army. |
B.In an antique shop. |
C.From his mother. |
D.From Adeline Rockko. |
A.She was very impolite. |
B.She was serious about the medal. |
C.She suspected his honesty. |
D.She came from a wealthy family. |
A.Her parents’ advice. |
B.Her knowledge of antiques. |
C.Her childhood dream. |
D.Her memory of her brother. |