学进去

材料一   我国原始社会分为“原始采猎业”和“原始农牧业”两大阶段，而“农业的发明是人类历史上一件划时代的大事，是由攫取经济到生产经济的伟大革命性转变。人类第一次通过自己的活动来增殖天然的产品，从而改变了整个社会的经济面貌，对人类的发展产生深远的影响”。

——《中国原始社会经济研究》

材料二

材料三   夫商君为孝公平权衡、正度量、调轻重，决裂阡陌，教民耕战。是以兵动而地广，兵休而国富，故秦无敌于天下。

Back in Brisbane, Australia, for the Christmas break, I found myself in a public transport dead zone. Bikeless, 7 kilometers from where I was meeting friends and unwilling to get a taxi, I decided to borrow an electric scooter. The trip took far longer than it would have by bike, mainly because of a major spill halfway there. A rock, hit at speed, is a terrible thing: weeks later, I still had the red knees of a primary schooler.

In the UK, they are legal (合法的) only on private land, but the Department for Transport is discussing how to control them on public roads and pathways, with the possibility for legalization later this year. Other cities that have e-scooter rental programs have had problems in the early period. In Paris, Mayor Anne Hidalgo described the situation last year as messy. She has announced that the city is reducing its number of e-scooters to 15,000 and plans to create laws forbidding them from pavements (人行道). France has put into force laws limiting e-scooter speeds to 25 kilometres per hour.

Similar to dockless (无桩的) hire bicycles, e-scooters are parked on pavements and people leave them up trees or throw them into rivers. Wild treatment shortens their lifetime, which is bad for both profitability (盈利) and the environment. Analysis suggests that the average e-scooter’s lifetime is just three months.

I think e-scooters are an basic part of the effort to make city transport greener. They are seen as a key to the “last mile” problem—a potential way to reduce transport jam by rapidly getting someone to their final goal. Cars can take up 28 times the space of a person riding a bicycle. As far as the environmental effect goes, recent research suggests that e-scooters are not as green as walking or cycling, but they are still better than cars. And though there are still many reports of serious accidents, scooting is about as safe as cycling. Stephen Gossling at Lund University in Sweden has suggested we build car-free “micromobility” streets, where cyclists, pedestrians (行人) and e-scooters could share the road. He thinks this will reduce accident risks and invite more vulnerable (易受伤害的) traffic participants, such as children, to become active transport users. If more e-scooters mean fewer cars on roads, an improvement in local air quality is also a likely result. When 20 kilometers of roads in central London closed for World Car-Free Day last September, the air quality was greatly improved according to the report.

The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. In China, the 24 solar terms were created thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production.

Rain Water stands for the increase in rainfall and rise in temperature. With its arrival, lively spring—like scenery starts: the river water melt, wild geese fly from south to north, and trees and grass turn green again.

Here are four things you may not know about Rain Water.

Rain in spring is as precious as oil.

According to an old Chinese saying, the rainfall in spring is as precious as oil. In northern China the spring drought is common and the rain of this season is only 10 to 15 percent of yearly average(平均) rainfall.

Return of a cold period

Extra care is needed to deal with a returning cold time in the late spring that often happens during Rain Water. The fast increase in air humidity(湿度) can result in lower temperature and wet weather.

Visit to in-laws(姻亲)

One of the main customs during Rain Water is sons-in-law visiting their in-laws and giving gifts. According to the tradition, gifts are usually two cane chairs with four meters of red belt which represents good health and long life. Another typical gift is a pot of cooked dish that contains pig’s knuckles(蹄) with soya and kelp. The son-in-law expresses his respect and thankfulness this way.

Nutritious porridge

The wet and damp weather during Rain Water is considered harmful to people’s health according to Chinese medical practice. So a bowl of nutritious porridge is the best choice to keep the body alive and healthy.