学进去-教育应平等而普惠
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类型:阅读单选
难度系数:0.15
所属科目:初中英语

It is a question people have been asking for ages—is there a way to turn back the aging process in people? For centuries, people have been looking for a “fountain of youth.” The idea is that if you find a magical fountain, and drink from its waters, you will not age.

Researchers in New York did not find an actual fountain of youth, but they may have found a way to turn back the aging process. It appears the answer may be hidden right between your eyes, in an area called the hypothalamus (下丘脑). The hypothalamus is part of your brain. It controls important activities within the body. They include growth, reproduction and the way we process food.

Researchers at New York’s Albert Einstein College of Medicine found that hypothalamus neural stem cells also influence how fast aging takes place in the body.

What are stem cells? They are simple cells that can develop into specialized cells, like blood or skin cells. Stem cells can also repair damaged tissues and organs.

Dongsheng Cai is a professor at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. He was the lead researcher in a study on aging in mice. He and his team reported their findings in the journal Nature.

“Aging speed is controlled, can be controlled by a particular place in the body, which is the hypothalamus. And it can be controlled by a particular type of cells, which are hypothalamus stem cells.” He adds that when the hypothalamus starts aging, so does the body. “So when hypothalamus function is in decline, particularly the loss of hypothalamus stem cells, and this protection against the aging development is lost, it eventually leads to aging.”

Using this information, the researchers began trying to activate, or energize, the hypothalamus in laboratory mice. They did this by injecting the animals with stem cells. Later, the researchers examined tissues and tested for changes in behavior. They looked for changes in the strength and coordination of the animals’ muscles. They also studied the social behavior and cognitive (认知的) ability of the mice. The researchers say the results show that the treatment slowed aging in the animals.

“When we injected the hypothalamus stem cells, which were derived from young mice, we injected them to the middle-aged mice and that was, in fact, to slow down aging. So the mouse aged slowly and they also have increased their lifespan, which is longevity.”

But these results were just from studying mice in a laboratory. If the mice can live longer, does that mean people could have longer lives? The next step is to see if the anti-aging effects also work in human beings. “If we can translate what we have seen in animals to humans, I think humans, they can function better during later ages, later stage of aging.”

Cai and his team say their studies may have other benefits. They say the findings could lead to new ways to help doctors identify and treat any number of age-related health issues.

1.What do we know about the hypothalamus?
A.It’s located in the eyes.
B.It starts aging due to the increase of its stem cells.
C.It plays key role in controlling the aging process.
D.It functions well when the body starts aging.
2.What did the researchers do during the experiment?
A.They strengthened the muscles of the mice.
B.They examined tissues and tested the behavior of mice.
C.They injected the stem cells into the younger mice.
D.They changed the social behavior and cognitive ability of the mice.
3.What do we know about the study done by Cai?
A.The decrease of hypothalamus stem cells can lead to aging.
B.They have found a way to turn back the aging process.
C.The finding has been applied to human being.
D.The brain controls growth, reproduction and the way we process food.
4.What would the researchers probably do next?
A.Inject stem cells of young mice into humans.
B.Research on the cognitive psychology.
C.Help human beings live longer.
D.Do similar experiments on human beings.
5.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A.How human being age
B.A new discovery about cells
C.Hypothalamus—the fountain of youth
D.The ways of slowing down aging
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y = sin x, x∈R, y∈[–1,1],周期为2π,函数图像以 x = (π/2) + kπ 为对称轴
y = arcsin x, x∈[–1,1], y∈[–π/2,π/2]
sin x = 0 ←→ arcsin x = 0
sin x = 1/2 ←→ arcsin x = π/6
sin x = √2/2 ←→ arcsin x = π/4
sin x = 1 ←→ arcsin x = π/2

用户名称
2019-09-19

y = sin x, x∈R, y∈[–1,1],周期为2π,函数图像以 x = (π/2) + kπ 为对称轴
y = arcsin x, x∈[–1,1], y∈[–π/2,π/2]
sin x = 0 ←→ arcsin x = 0
sin x = 1/2 ←→ arcsin x = π/6
sin x = √2/2 ←→ arcsin x = π/4
sin x = 1 ←→ arcsin x = π/2

用户名称
2019-09-19
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